The U.S. imposed a basic 10% reciprocal tax on imports from all nations and higher tariff rates on dozens of America's largest trading partners, hitting Cambodia particularly hard with a 49% tariff, Vietnam (46%), Thailand (36%), and 34% on Chinese goods.
A 20% tariff on all goods from European Union countries and 31% on Switzerland.
Ukraine and the United Kingdom get off comparatively lightly with a 10% tariff.
Trump accused other nations of "looting, pillaging, raping and plundering" the US. The tariffs are expected to shave billions off global economic growth.
European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen said the tariffs would have "dire consequences" for millions of people around the world, and that there seemed to be "no order in the disorder" of US actions.
"We are already finalizing the first package of countermeasures in response to tariffs on steel. We're now preparing for further countermeasures to protect our interests and our businesses if negotiations fail," she said in her morning emergency address, adding that "we will stand together, our unity is our strength."
No tariffs were imposed on Russia and Belarus because, according to U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent, no goods from those countries enter the American market.