Vladyslav Vlasiuk, Ukraine’s presidential Commissioner for Sanctions Policy, told public broadcaster Suspilne on July 29 that most components were manufactured in Russia and others in Belarus. Specialists found no foreign-made parts.
He said many parts were produced in 2023–2025, though some were much older.
“In this sample we identified one part made in 2012. It’s the oldest in this sample. It’s put together like Frankenstein. The technology dates to the 1960s, so some components are even older,” Vlasiuk said.
Investigators identified manufacturers for more than 40 components, including the Belarusian plants Transistor and Integral. Vlasiuk said many of those companies are already subject to international sanctions but not all, and Ukrainian authorities have shared the findings with partners and are seeking to add remaining firms to sanctions lists.
On how to halt Oreshnik production, Vlasiuk said the first
step is sanctions against all manufacturers; the second is blocking any
cooperation or interaction with them. He acknowledged sanctions alone might not
entirely stop production but said sustained pressure can degrade the defense
sector’s performance and slow technological development.