Russia is modernizing key strategic missile bases near the city of Yasny, including sites housing the hypersonic nuclear-capable Avangard system, according to an investigation cited by Spiegel.
The report highlights the 621st Missile Regiment base, which reportedly stores nuclear warheads in underground silos, and the 368th Regiment base located 17 kilometers away — a deliberate distance to prevent both from being destroyed by a single nuclear strike.
Since 2009, both sites have undergone significant upgrades, including new protective structures, roads, and facilities. Satellite imagery suggests ongoing underground construction at the 368th site.
Investigators noted the installation of advanced sensor systems and enhanced protective materials around the Avangard bunkers. The Avangard is considered one of Russia's most advanced nuclear weapons platforms, capable of reaching hypersonic speeds.
Despite Western sanctions, Russian contractors allegedly used imported construction materials — including cement, adhesives, insulation, and gypsum from German manufacturer Knauf — for the upgrades. A 2022 procurement tender shows a Yekaterinburg company contracted Knauf gypsum specifically for work on the 368th regiment base.
In response to inquiries, a Knauf representative said the company’s Russian subsidiaries sell locally manufactured goods “almost exclusively to independent retailers” and that Knauf cannot control who ultimately uses its products.
“This is unprecedented, absolutely incredible,” said Hans Kristensen, a Danish nuclear weapons expert, adding that the documents provide rare insight into Russia’s priorities in nuclear modernization and long-term strategic planning.