Russian airstrikes rely on foreign tech from 20+ countries, says Ukrainian forensic

“These include China, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Taiwan, the United States, Canada, Iran, etc.,” she said.

In 2023, the institute conducted about 30,000 studies of almost all types of Russian missiles, one-way attack drones Shahed-136 and Shahed-121, reconnaissance drones Cartographer, Orlan-10, and Supercam, as well as other enemy weapons and their remnants.

"For example, in Shaheds they are servos, processors, switches, generators from the United States, contact tips from Iran, spark plugs, indicators from China, electric fuel pumps from Germany and the United Kingdom, oil seals from Taiwan, Shotki modules from South Korea, etc.," she said.

"In Kinzhal missiles, it is sensors from Spain, buffers, diodes, transceivers, converters from the United States, flash memory from Taiwan, filters from Japan, relays from Germany, converters from Switzerland, and so on. This means that all missiles and drones, their main high-tech component, without which they could not exist, are produced not in Russia, but in other countries. We are talking about components of navigation, control and guidance systems, microcircuits, various chips, sensors, circuit boards, etc.".

Most of these electronic components are not exclusively intended for military use, as they are also used in everyday consumer goods such as washing machines, computer technology, and network communications. Such goods are imported for one use, but end up being made into weapons components.