Ukrainian Railways said its monitoring team detected the threat in advance, allowing the train and locomotive crews to move passengers to a safe distance before the strike.
No passengers or railway employees were injured.
One passenger car was damaged in the attack, while railway crews were working to minimize delays along the affected section, Ukrainian Railways said.
Police said the attack occurred at around 8 a.m. in the Sumy district, where a Russian drone struck the passenger train traveling from Sumy to Kyiv.
The locomotive was also damaged, and a fire broke out after the strike.
Russian forces previously attacked a passenger train with a drone in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast on July 24, hitting its locomotive.
On July 18, Russian forces carried out a double targeted strike on a locomotive and passenger cars in Zaporizhzhya Oblast.
All passengers and Ukrainian Railways employees were evacuated in time, and no injuries were reported.
Ukrainian Railways later confirmed damage to the train and said passengers had taken shelter and would be transported to Zaporizhzhya by bus.