The woman was outdoors with children at the time of the attack.
"The children survived and are receiving the necessary support. Unfortunately, they have now become orphans," the Red Cross said.
In total, two people were killed and 10 injured in Odesa.
Russia struck the city with missiles late in the evening on July 16. At least two children were among the injured. The Odesa Oblast Military Administration said one of those killed was a woman who had been walking in a park with children at the time of the strike. Local authorities also reported damage to residential buildings, a religious facility and a preschool in the city's Khadzhybeiskyi district.
Russia struck Odesa with missiles again overnight, destroying an auto repair shop, Ukraine's State Emergency Service reported.
According to Ukraine's Air Force, Russia attacked Ukraine overnight with a Kh-31P anti-radar missile, seven Kh-59/69 guided air-to-surface missiles and 130 attack drones. Ukrainian air defenses shot down five of the Kh-59/69 missiles and 115 drones.